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Delight College of Pharmacy, Koregaon Bhima, Pune, Maharashtra, India-412216
Tridax procumbens L. (Asteraceae), commonly known as coat buttons, is a widely distributed medicinal herb valued in traditional medicine for its diverse therapeutic applications. Ethnobotanically, it has been used to manage wounds, fevers, skin infections, and gastrointestinal and cardiovascular disorders. Phytochemical studies have identified numerous bioactive constituents, including flavonoids, alkaloids, carotenoids, tannins, and saponins, which contribute to its pharmacological potential. Experimental findings reveal that T. procumbens exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, wound-healing, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. These properties support many of its traditional uses and highlight its potential as a source of novel therapeutic agents. This review summarizes the ethnobotanical relevance, phytochemical profile, and pharmacological applications of T. procumbens, emphasizing the need for further studies on its mechanisms of action, toxicity, and clinical efficacy to promote its development as a scientifically validated herbal medicine.
Tropical and subtropical areas are home to Tridax procumbens (L.), a creeping perennial plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. Known by a number of regional names, including "Ghamra," "Jayanti Veda," and "coat buttons" in English, it is regarded as a wasteland plant yet has important ethnomedical use. Traditionally, the herb has been used as a hair tonic and to heal wounds, fevers, coughs, and dysentery1-2. Numerous secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, carotenoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and essential oils, have been found by phytochemical research; many of these compounds are involved in its pharmacological actions. Numerous preclinical investigations that show T. procumbens's antioxidant, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing qualities support its bio efficacy3-4. T. procumbens is applied locally to wounds and ulcers and taken orally to treat diabetes, stomach problems, and liver problems in traditional medicine. Its medicinal flexibility is demonstrated by its incorporation in Ayurveda formulations such as liver tonics and wound-healing ointments5-6. Current pharmacological standardization and confirmation are still lacking. Clinical studies, standardization of extract dosages, and molecular mechanistic insights are rarely discussed in papers. In order to give a comprehensive understanding of T. procumbens, identify information gaps, and recommend future research approaches, this review attempts to compile data from ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological investigations7.
Botanical Description:
Table.1: Botanical Description of T. Procumbens8
|
Character |
Description |
|
Scientific name |
Tridax procumbens (L.) |
|
Family |
Asteraceae |
|
Common names |
Coat buttons, Ghamra, Jayanti Veda |
|
Habitat |
Tropical and subtropical regions; roadsides, wastelands |
|
Habit |
Creeping, perennial herb with slender branches |
|
Leaves |
Opposite, coarsely serrated, ovate-lanceolate, hairy surface |
|
Flowers |
Yellow disc florets, white ray florets forming daisy-like heads |
|
Fruit |
Achenes with pappus for wind dispersal |
|
Roots |
Taproot system with fibrous branches |
|
Flowering season |
Throughout the year in tropical climates |
|
Part used |
Leaves, stem, flower, and root |
Pratik Bhandare, Anil Panchal*, Vishal Madankar, A Comprehensive Review of the Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Application of Tridax Procumbens, Int. J. Sci. R. Tech., 2025, 2 (11), 657-663. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17682828
10.5281/zenodo.17682828
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